Síndrome compartimental posangioplastía coronaria transradial: a propósito de un caso / Post transradial coronary angioplasty compartimental syndrome

Resumen Introducción: El síndrome compartimental se genera por aumento de presión compartimental que sobrepasa a la de perfusión. Es una entidad rara en contexto posangioplastía coronaria. Requiere alta sospecha y medidas rápidas. Caso clínico: Hombre de 41 años con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) con supradesnivel ST (SDST) que fue trombolizado y derivado para angioplastía, que sufre sangrado en antebrazo derecho posprocedimiento y evoluciona con síndrome compartimental que requiere de fasciotomía en volar y medial. Discusión: La entidad clínica es rara en este contexto, por ende, requiere alta sospecha basándose principalmente en dolor de inicio súbito con aumento de volumen. El tratamiento es fasciotomía de urgencias. De no pesquisarse a tiempo puede evolucionar con severas alteraciones neuromusculares llevando a trastornos de la anatomía de la mano.

Introduction: The compartment syndrome is caused by an increase on the compartment pressure that exceed the perfusion pressure. In coronary postangioplasty context it is a rare entity. Requires a high suspicion and to take fast steps. Clinical case: Forty-one years old man with a STEMI thrombolysed and derived to angioplasty suffered a post-procedure bleeding on his right forearm and evolved with a compartment syndrome that required a volar and medial fasciotomy. Discussion: The clinical entity is rare in this context, so require a high suspicion based basically on sudden pain with an increase of volume. The treatment is the urgent fasciotomy. To not diagnose it at time could evolve with severe neuromuscular disorders and hand anatomy disorders.

Calcific Myonecrosis of the Antetibial Area

Calcific myonecrosis is a rare late post-traumatic condition, in which a single muscle is replaced by a fusiform mass with central liquefaction and peripheral calcification. Compartment syndrome is suggested to be the underlying cause. The resulting mass may expand with time due to recurrent intralesional hemorrhage into the chronic calcified mass. A diagnosis may be difficult due to the long time between the original trauma and the symptoms of calcific myonecrosis. We encountered a 53-year-old male patient diagnosed with calcific myonecrosis in the lower leg. We report the case with a review of the relevant literature.

Síndrome compartimental abdominal: Presentación de dos casos / Abdominal compartment syndrome: Report of 2 cases

El abdomen es una cavidad que mantiene una presión interior estable gracias a la distensibilidad de sus paredes. A la insuficiencia múltiple de órganos que aparece secundariamente al incremento de la presión intraabominal por encima de los 25 cmH2O se le conoce como síndrome compartimental abdominal. Se presentan dos casos de esta complicación posoperatoria y se mencionan los principales mecanismos patogénicos, así como las opciones para el tratamiento de este cuadro(AU)

The abdomen is a cavity that maintains a stable interior pressure thanks to the distensibilidad of its walls. To the multiple inadequacy of organs that he/she appears secondarily to the increment of the pressure intraabominal above the 25 cmH2O he/she is known as syndrome abdominal compartimental. Two cases of this complication posoperatoria are presented and the main mechanisms patogénicos are mentioned, as well as the options for the treatment of this square(AU)

Síndrome compartimental del abdomen en el paciente crítico / Abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill patients

En la última década se ha observado un incremento de la literatura disponible sobre hipertensión intrabdominal (HIA) y síndrome compartimental del abdomen. Dado las importantes implicancias fisiopatológicas del aumento de la presión intrabdominal (PIA) en la función de órganos dentro y fuera del abdomen, este tópico es y será trascendente en los próximos años para una población de pacientes críticamente enfermos tanto neonatales, pediátricos como adultos. El objetivo de la presente revisión es efectuar una puesta al día sobre definiciones, epidemiología, metodología de medición, implicancias fisiopatológicas, hallazgos radiológicos y opciones terapéuticas. Mensajes claves a conocer por el lector son: (1) el índice de masa corporal y la resucitación con volumen predicen el desarrollo de HIA; (2) la HIA aumenta las presiones intratorácicas, intracraneana y de llenado cardíaco, y disminuye la compliance ventricular izquierda, de la pared torácica y total del sistema respiratorio; (3) la HIA causa atelectasia y aumenta el contenido de agua extravascular pulmonar; (4) la mejor presión positiva de fin de espiración (PEEP) debe ser indicada para contrarrestar la HIA; (5) estrategias de ventilación protectora deben de estar orientadas por DPpl (presión plateau-PIA); (6) presiones transdiafragmáticas e indicadores volumétricos reflejan mejor la precarga; (7) la HIA es un predictor independiente de falla renal aguda; (8) la HIA gatilla translocación bacteriana y desarrollo de síndrome de falla orgánica múltiple; (9) se recomienda la monitorización de la presión de perfusión abdominal en casos seleccionados.

Intramuscular hemangioma complicated by a Volkmann's like contracture of the forearm muscles.

Intramuscular hemagiomas are rare tumors constituting less than 1% of all hemangiomas. The clinical picture is usually unlike a conventional vascular tumor. Pre-operative diagnosis is very difficult and most often, the condition is recognized only during surgery or after histopathological examination. This is a report of one such rare tumor,which presented as a painful mass in the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis. It was accompanied by the hitherto unreported complication of a Volkmann's like contracture of the deeper forearm muscles. The peculiar feature of this tumor are highlighted and are discussed with a review of relevant literature.

Acute renal failure due to abdominal compartment syndrome: report on four cases and literature review

We report on 4 cases of abdominal compartment syndrome complicated by acute renal failure that were promptly reversed by different abdominal decompression methods. Case 1: A 57-year-old obese woman in the post-operative period after giant incisional hernia correction with an intra-abdominal pressure of 24 mm Hg. She was sedated and curarized, and the intra-abdominal pressure fell to 15 mm Hg. Case 2: A 73-year-old woman with acute inflammatory abdomen was undergoing exploratory laparotomy when a hypertensive pneumoperitoneum was noticed. During the surgery, enhancement of urinary output was observed. Case 3: An 18-year-old man who underwent hepatectomy and developed coagulopathy and hepatic bleeding that required abdominal packing, developed oliguria with a transvesical intra-abdominal pressure of 22 mm Hg. During reoperation, the compresses were removed with a prompt improvement in urinary flow. Case 4: A 46-year-old man with hepatic cirrhosis was admitted after incisional hernia repair with intra-abdominal pressure of 16 mm Hg. After paracentesis, the intra-abdominal pressure fell to 11 mm Hg

Bolsa de Bogotá / Abdominal compartment syndrome

A Síndrome compartimental abdominal é uma patologia com repercussões sistêmicas graves e com evolução muitas vezes irreversível. Os autores revisam um caso de SCA onde optou-se por peritoneostomia e fechamento tardio da cavidade com uma variante da técnica

Lombalgia do compartimento posterior: importância no processo degenerativo / Backage of the posterior compartment: importance in degenerative process

Os autores, baseados na experiência de 20 anos no grupo de patologia da coluna do Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S. Paulo e na revisäo de 1.094 casos de lombalgiamecânica, concluem que a lombalgia do compartimento posterior é a mais freqüente(61%). Fazem referências sobre a importância das estruturas anatômicas localizadas no compartimento posterior e sobre a participaçäo desses elementos anatômicosna biomecânica do processo degenerativo da unidade funcional. Admitem os autores, em virtude dos aspectos clínicos e dos dados auxiliares, que o início do processo degenerativo da unidade funcional ocorre com maior freqüência no compartimento posterior